It has only been few decades when translation study is acknowledged as a separate discipline of study and body of knowledge. In many countries including Pakistan there used to be no department of translation studies in universities. In west translation was initially considered a sub discipline of linguistics but after James S. Holmes wrote a paper "The name and nature of translation studies” it decisively became a separate discipline of study. Before the essay of Holmes translation was never considered a separate field of study but it also doesn’t mean that there was no theorization about translation altogether. Historically speaking this theorization was mainly in the margins of great work of translations. This theorization is more like empirical nature because it is about the problems a particular translator faced about the translation of certain text from certain text language to certain target language. In this essay it is tired to compile and review of these theoretical approaches towards translations.