The Hindi-Urdu controversy gave rise to some questions regarding Urdu and Hindi languages. Some feel they are one and the same language. Some say it is one language written in two different scripts and some have written that they are two languages with two different scripts. The writers of this article have taken up the question against the backdrop of what Gopi Chand Narang has written on the issue. They feel that Narang’s point of view, contrary to his predecessors, is balanced, logical and based on the knowledge of linguistic science. Thus quoting from Narang, the article discusses the aspects of Urdu and Hindi that make these two languages similar yet different.