1. Research Misconduct & Integrity

• The Editorial Board is committed to investigating any suspected misconduct (plagiarism, data fabrication, etc.) following COPE Flowcharts.

• Editors shall seek a response from the authors before taking further action, such as notifying their institution or formal retraction.

2. Post-Publication Discussions and Corrections

• URDU encourages scholarly debate and will consider cogent criticisms of work published in the journal.

• Authors of criticized material will be given an opportunity to respond.

• Studies reporting negative results will not be excluded from publication, provided they meet academic standards.

3. Data Sharing Policy

• Authors are encouraged to make their research data openly available upon publication. In cases involving sensitive or confidential data, shared access through controlled repositories is recommended.

4. Intellectual Property and Copyright

• URDU publishes articles under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License (CC-BY-NC 4.0).

• The Editorial Board remains alert to potential breaches of intellectual property laws and takes immediate action if a violation is reported.